food bourne disease in LMICs from ASFs

• Factory farmed animals cause pandemics and zoonotic disease

Food bourne illness is a big problem

The Safe Food Imperative estimated the cost of foodborne diseases (FBD) at USD$110 billion in lost productivity and medical expenses in low- and middle-income countries each year.

They can be caused by a variety of microbial pathogens, chemicals, and parasites that contaminate food.
The most common bacteria responsible for asf based food poisoning are:
Some key pathogens that cause food poisoning from animal products include:

• Salmonella: Salmonella bacteria are a common cause of foodborne illness, often associated with poultry and eggs[4][5].
• Staphylococcus aureus: This bacterium is responsible for a significant number of food poisoning cases and is commonly found on raw foods like meat products[2].
• Clostridium perfringens: Another common cause of foodborne illness, often linked to contamination of raw meat and poultry products[2][5].
• Campylobacter: This bacterium can cause diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea and is commonly found in meat, poultry, milk, and mushrooms[2][5].
• Listeria monocytogenes: Listeria can survive adverse conditions for long periods and is associated with foods like milk, soft cheeses, and vegetables fertilized with manure[2].

Citations:
[2] https://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/food-technology/bacterial-food-poisoning/
[4] https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/foodborne-illness-and-disease/illnesses-and-pathogens

• Some estimates of the burden of disease from food bourne illness places it as high as HIV/AIDS, malaria, or tuberculosis ^[1]
• A 9-country study found that 25% of stunting could be attributed to experiencing more than four episodes of diarrhea before the age of 24 mo (Checkley et al., 2008), and Rogawski et al., 2018^[2] found that episodes of diarrhoea from Campylobacter, E-coli and Shigella infections (asfs are common sources of these infections) had significant effects on stunting and growth of infants.
• See also Vipham et al., 2020

ASFs are a huge part of the problem

• A great review found that in #lower_middle_income_countries, (Grace, 2015 )
• 6% of Pork in Nagaland, NE India met safe food standards^[3]
• Only 2% of meat samples in Nigeria complied with standards^[4]
• 0% of milk samples in Assam complied with standard^[5]
• A study of 48 countries found that high levels of meat production was a key predictor of death rate from food-bourne illness^[6]
• Out of 821 USDA-inspected poultry slaughterhouses, 390 (47.5%) failed to meet federal Salmonella performance standards between 2017 and 2018. The worst offenders had Salmonella rates over 25%.

Grace et al., (2020) estimates that dairy may be responsible for 4% of the global food-bourne disease burden and 12% of the ASF disease burden.

Li et al., 2019

References